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(SpecimensJ G. M. WARREN. ROOF, ROOFING FABRIG, AND MECHANISM BOB. MANUPAGTURING THE SAME.

No.3 51,948. Patented Nov. 2, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PA E T OFFICE CYRUS M. WARREN, OF BRO-OKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

ROOF, ROOFING FABRIC, AND MECHANISM FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 351,948, dated November 2, 1886.

Application filed November 30, 1885. Serial No. 184,354. 7 (Specimens) To all whom it may. concern:

Be it known that I, OYRUs M. WARREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brookline,'in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new anduse ful Improvement in Roofing Fabric and Machines for Manufacturing the Same, of which the following,taken'in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and

exact description.

My invention relatesto improvements in roofing fabrics and in the mechanism for manufacturing the same.

The object of my invention is to provide a thin and. flexible roofing fabric which will be stronger than that commonly used, and which will have its edges protected, so that the pitch or other water-proofmategial placed between the'layers of iabric-wilknot passout of the ends of the roll or fronnbetween the layers of paper or felt which compose the fabric.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the machine for manufacturing my improved roofing felt. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of a portion of the machine, showipgthe devices which fold the wider strip over the edges of the narrower strip.

A indicates a roll of dry roofing-felt or paper mounted in suitable bearings at the side of the tank B,said tank being designed to hold coal-tar or other water-proof material,

and may be ,provided with a steam-coil or other suitable device for heating and keeping the coal-tar in a fluid condition, so that it will be readily absorbed by the paper or felt strip A,which is passed under the roller B, located in the tank B, said roller being adjustable in guides b. The rear side of the tank Bis flared, as shown, so as to receive the excess of coaltar which is pressed out by the rolls 0 O, mounted in the standards B.

E is a tank, mounted on suitable supports, in which the "roller D is mounted, said tank being designed to hold coal-tar, pitch, or a compound of the residuum of petroleum and asphaltum or other water-proof material, and provided with any suitable heating device for keeping the pitch in a fiuid,semi-fluid, or

molten condition. The roller D is partially immersed inthe pitch contained in the tank E, and. as the web of felt A is drawn over the gage-bar b, which is made adjustable roll it revolves the same and deposits on the under side of the felt a coating of pitch, the thickness of said coating beingregulated by the in any sultable mannerin the frame A". p r

F is a roll of Manila rope paper, mounted in suitable hearings in the frame of the ma chine, over which the coated web of felt A passes, and is joined by the continuous webs of Manila paper, after which the felt and paper pass under the guide-bar a, over the driving-roll G, and under the guide-bare, which tends to join the thin sheet of Manila paper firmly to the layer or sheet of felt, and at the same time lay orpress the two sheets evenly together, so as to avoid wrinkling or'the buckling of the paper. The sheet or strip of thin Manila paper is wider than the sheet of felt or roofing paper A, and when thetwo sheets are joined'together the edges of the thin sheet project beyond the edges of the strip of felt A, as shown in a portion, Fig. 2. dareblocks folding devicesid, through'which the edges of the compound sheet 0 are passed. The folding devices d are so formed that the edges of the thin sheet will be turned over and folded down on the top of the'heavy sheet of felt, thus preventing the pitch which has been applied on the under side of the felt by the roller G from oozing out between the layers of fabric and cementing the different layers or convolutions together when rolled up on the roller I, as would be the case if the edges were not protected in the manner indicated. After the edges of the thin sheet have been folded over onto the felt sheet it passes under the guidebar 0, over the friction-roller H, and around the roller I, on which the fabric is wound, said roller I being turned by frictional contact withthe power-driven roller H. The rolls 0 are made hollow, and adapted to be heated by steam, so that the coal-tar will be driven into the felt and the surface rendered smooth and dry.

It will be noticed that in the mechanism and operation just described the felt is saturated with coal-tar,so as to render it impervious to water, is coated on one side with pitch, and 'a thin sheet of Manila or other strong paper secured to one side,

edges of the felt in one and the same operaso as to overlap the tion, thus making a finished product of great strength and pliability, while at the same time it is light and easily laid on the roof-boards.

I do not limit myself to the use of Manila rope paper and felt in the manufacture of roofing fabric; but instead of these or either of them I may employ any thin and cheaper paper, if preferred, for any purpose. Nor do I confine myself to using Manila rope paper in its dry or natural condition, for I may use with good results a previously tarred or saturated Manila rope paper. I prefer, however, to use the former, and when desirable that it should be saturated I accomplish this by rolling up the freshly-made fabric while hot, for the Manila rope paper, being so thin, will then absorb in the hot roll enough of the cement for complete saturation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. A roofing or sheathing fabric composed of two sheets of roofing paper or felt, one of said sheets being wider than the other and the edges of the wider sheet being turned over the edges of the narrower sheet, as set forth.

2. A roofing or sheathing fabric composed of heavy roofing paper or felt previously saturated with coal tar, and a sheet of thin strong paper wider than the saturated sheet cemented to one side thereof with a layer of coal-tar pitch or other adhesive water-proof material, as set forth.

3. A roofing or sheathing fabric composed of a sheet of saturated felt, and a wider sheet of Manila rope paper somewhat wider than the felt sheet, the two sheets being joined together by a layer of coal-tar pitch, the edges roll of felt mounted in the path of the coated felt, so that it will be joined to the coated sheet of felt, and devices, substantiallyas described, for turning the edges of the wider sheet over onto the edges of the narrower sheet, as set forth.

5. In a machine for manufacturing roofing fabric, the blocks d, having the folding devices d, adapted to receive and turn the edges of the sheet 0 over onto the sheet of felt A, as set forth.

6. In a machine for manufacturing roofing fabric, the gage-bar b, in combination with the coating-roller D, as set forth.

7. In a machinefor manufacturing roofing or sheathing fabric, a guide bar or roller, e, in combination with a friction roller, H, substantially as set forth.

8. In a machine for manufacturing roofing CYRUS M. \VARREN.

Witnesses:

SAML. M. WARREN, W. B. WARREN. 

